Books

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Books and tutorials covering many aspects of Haskell.

Language and library definition

Cover Simon Peyton Jones: "Haskell 98 language and libraries: the Revised Report", Cambridge University Press, 2003, Hardback, 272 pages, ISBN: 0521826144, £45.00

Book Description
Haskell is the world's leading lazy functional programming language, widely used for teaching, research, and applications. The language continues to develop rapidly, but in 1998 the community decided to capture a stable snapshot of the language: Haskell 98. All Haskell compilers support Haskell 98, so practitioners and educators alike have a stable base for their work. This book constitutes the agreed definition of the Haskell 98, both the language itself and its supporting libraries. It has been considerably revised and refined since the original definition, and appears in print for the first time. It should be a standard reference work for anyone involved in research, teaching, or application of Haskell.

The entire language definition is also available online: Language and library specification.

Textbooks

Cover Paul Hudak: The Haskell School of Expression: Learning Functional Programming through Multimedia, Cambridge University Press, New York, 2000, 416 pp, 15 line diagrams, 75 exercises, Paperback $29.95, ISBN: 0521644089, Hardback $74.95, ISBN: 0521643384

Book Description
This book teaches functional programming as a way of thinking and problem solving, using Haskell, the most popular purely functional language. Rather than using the conventional mathematical examples commonly found in other programming language textbooks, the author draws examples from multimedia applications, including graphics, animation, and computer music, thus rewarding the reader with working programs for inherently more interesting applications. Aimed at both beginning and advanced programmers, this tutorial begins with a gentle introduction to functional programming and moves rapidly on to more advanced topics. An underlying theme is the design and implementation of domain specific languages, using three examples: FAL (a Functional Animation Language), IRL (an Imperative Robot Language), and MDL (a Music Description Language). Details about programming in Haskell are presented in boxes throughout the text so they can be easily referred to and found quickly.

The book's Web Site contains source files for all programs in the text, as well as the graphics libraries to run them under Windows and Linux platforms. It also contains PowerPoint slides useful for teaching a course using the textbook.

Cover Simon Thompson: Haskell: The Craft of Functional Programming, Second Edition, Addison-Wesley, 507 pages, paperback, 1999. ISBN 0-201-34275-8.

Book Description
The second edition of Haskell: The Craft of Functional Programming is essential reading for beginners to functional programming and newcomers to the Haskell programming language. The emphasis is on the process of crafting programs and the text contains many examples and running case studies, as well as advice an program design, testing, problem solving and how to avoid common pitfalls.

Building on the strengths of the first edition, the book includes many new and improved features:

  • Complete coverage of Haskell 98, the standard version of Haskell which will be stable and supported by implementations for years to come.
  • An emphasis on software engineering principles, encouraging a disciplined approach to building reusable libraries of software components.
  • Detailed coverage of the Hugs interpreter with an appendix covering other implementations.
  • A running case study of pictures emphasizes the built-in functions which appear in the standard prelude and libraries. It is also used to give an early preview of some of the more complex language features, such as high-order functions.
  • List comprehensions and the standard functions over lists are covered before recursion.
  • Early coverage of polymorphism supporting the "toolkit" approach and encouraging the resuse of built-in functions and types.
  • Extensive reference material containing details of further reading in books, journals and on the World Wide Web.
  • Accompanying Web Site supporting the book, containing all the program code, further teaching materials and other useful resources.

Synopsis
This books introduces Haskell at a level appropriate for those with little or no prior experience of functional programming. The emphasis is on the process of crafting programs, solving problems, and avoiding common errors.

Cover Richard Bird: Introduction to Functional Programming using Haskell, 2nd edition, Prentice Hall Press, 1998, 460 pp., ISBN: 0-13-484346-0.

From the cover:

After the success of the first edition, Introduction to Functional Programming using Haskell has been thoroughly updated and revised to provide a complete grounding in the principles and techniques of programming with functions.

The second edition uses the popular language Haskell to express functional programs. There are new chapters on program optimisation, abstract datatypes in a functional setting, and programming in a monadic style. There are completely new case studies, and many new exercises.

As in the first edition, there is an emphasis on the fundamental techniques for reasoning about functional programs, and for deriving them systematically from their specifications.

The book is self-contained, assuming no prior knowledge of programming, and is suitable as an introductory undergraduate text for first- or second-year students.

Cover Antony Davie: An Introduction to Functional Programming Systems Using Haskell, Cambridge University Press, 1992. ISBN 0-521-25830-8 (hardback). ISBN 0-521-27724-8 (paperback).

Cover:

Functional programming is a style of programming that has become increasingly popular during the past few years. Applicative programs have the advantage of being almost immediately expressible as functional descriptions; they can be proved correct and transformed through the referential transparency property.

This book presents the basic concepts of functional programming, using the language Haskell for examples. The author incorporates a discussion of lambda calculus and its relationship with Haskell, exploring the implications for raparallelism. Contents: SASL for Beginners / Examples of SASL Programming / More Advanced Applicative Programming Techniques / Lambda Calculus / The Relationship Between Lambda Calculus and SASL / Program Transformation and Efficiency / Correctness, Equivalence and Program Verification / Landin's SECD Machine and Related Implementations / Further Implementation Techniques / Special Purpose Hardware / The Applicative Style of Semantics / Other Applicative Languages / Implications for Parallelism / Functional Programming in Von Neumann Languages

Cover Fethi Rabhi and Guy Lapalme: Algorithms: A functional programming approach, Addison-Wesley, 235 pages, paperback, 1999. ISBN 0-201-59604-0

Book Description
The authors challenge more traditional methods of teaching algorithms by using a functional programming context, with Haskell as an implementation language. This leads to smaller, clearer and more elegant programs which enable the programmer to understand the algorithm more quickly and to use that understanding to explore alternative solutions.
Key features:

  • Most chapters are self-contained and can be taught independently from each other.
  • All programs are in Haskell'98 and provided on a WWW site.
  • End of chapter exercises throughout.
  • Comprehensive index and bibliographical notes.

Synopsis
The book is organised as a classic algorithms book according to topics such as Abstract Data Types, sorting and searching. It uses a succession of practical programming examples to develop in the reader problem-solving skills which can be easily transferred to other language paradigms. It also introduces the idea of capturing algorithmic design strategies (e.g. Divide-and-Conquer, Dynamic Programming) through higher-order functions.
Target audience
The book is intended for computer science students taking algorithms and/or (basic or advanced) functional programming courses.

Cover Jeremy Gibbons and Oege de Moor (eds.): The Fun of Programming,Palgrave, 2002, 288 pages. ISBN 0333992857.

Book description:
In this textbook, leading researchers give tutorial expositions on the current state of the art of functional programming. The text is suitable for an undergraduate course immediately following an introduction to functional programming, and also for self-study. All new concepts are illustrated by plentiful examples, as well as exercises. A website gives access to accompanying software.

Cover Cordelia Hall and John O'Donnell: Discrete Mathematics Using a Computer, Springer, 2000, 360 pages. ISBN 1-85233-089-9.

Book description:
This book introduces the main topics of discrete mathematics with a strong emphasis on applications to computer science. It uses computer programs to implement and illustrate the mathematical ideas, helping the reader to gain a concrete understanding of the abstract mathematics. The programs are also useful for practical calculations, and they can serve as a foundation for larger software packages.

Designed for first and second year undergraduate students, the book is also ideally suited to self-study. No prior knowledge of functional programming is required; the book and the online documentation provide everything you will need.

Cover Kees Doets and Jan van Eijck: The Haskell Road to Logic, Maths and Programming. King's College Publications, London, 2004. ISBN 0-9543006-9-6 (14.00 pounds, $25.00).

Book description:
The purpose of this book is to teach logic and mathematical reasoning in practice, and to connect logical reasoning with computer programming. Throughout the text, abstract concepts are linked to concrete representations in Haskell. Everything one has to know about programming in Haskell to understand the examples in the book is explained as we go along, but we do not cover every aspect of the language. Haskell is a marvelous demonstration tool for logic and maths because its functional character allows implementations to remain very close to the concepts that get implemented, while the laziness permits smooth handling of infinite data structures.

We do not assume that our readers have previous experience with either programming or construction of formal proofs. We do assume previous acquaintance with mathematical notation, at the level of secondary school mathematics. Wherever necessary, we will recall relevant facts. Everything one needs to know about mathematical reasoning or programming is explained as we go along. We do assume that our readers are able to retrieve software from the Internet and install it, and that they know how to use an editor for constructing program texts.

After having worked through the material in the book, i.e., after having digested the text and having carried out a substantial number of the exercises, the reader will be able to write interesting programs, reason about their correctness, and document them in a clear fashion. The reader will also have learned how to set up mathematical proofs in a structured way, and how to read and digest mathematical proofs written by others.

The book can be used as a course textbook, but since it comes with solutions to all exercises (electronically available from the authors upon request) it is also well suited for private study. The source code of all programs discussed in the text, a list of errata, further relevant material and an email link to the authors can be found here.

Simon Peyton Jones: Implementation of Functional Programming Language, 500 pages, Prentice-Hall, 1987. ISBN 0134533259.
Simon Peyton Jones, David Lester: Implementing Functional Languages, Paperback: 288 pages, Prentice Hall (August 1992), English, ISBN: 0137219520

The book is out of print. The full sources and a postscript version are available for free.

This book gives a practical approach to understanding the implementations of non-strict functional languages using lazy graph reduction. The emphasis of the book is on building working prototypes of several functional language implementations (template- instantiation, G-Machine, TIM, parallel G-Machine. In each case the authors provide a complete working prototype of a particular implementation, and then lead the reader through a sequence of improvements which expand its scope. This enables readers to develop, modify and experiment with their own implementations and for use as a source of practical laboratory work material.

Simon Thompson: Type Theory and Functional Programming, Addison-Wesley, 1991. ISBN 0-201-41667-0. Hardcover: 388 pages.

Now out of print, the original version is available here.

Preface: Constructive Type theory has been a topic of research interest to computer scientists, mathematicians, logicians and philosophers for a number of years. For computer scientists it provides a framework which brings together logic and programming languages in a most elegant and fertile way: program development and verification can proceed within a single system. Viewed in a different way, type theory is a functional programming language with some novel features, such as the totality of all its functions, its expressive type system allowing functions whose result type depends upon the value of its input, and sophisticated modules and abstract types whose interfaces can contain logical assertions as well as signature information. A third point of view emphasizes that programs (or functions) can be extracted from proofs in the logic.

Cover Claudio Cesar de Sá and Marcio Ferreira da Silva: Haskell: Uma Abordagem Prática (in Portuguese book), Novatec Editora Ltda., 2006, 296 pages, ISBN: 85-7522-095-0. The price is R$ 62,00 (in Reais). Language: Portugese

This book is being published by Novatec Editora Ltda., in Portuguese language. You can access directly by: [1].
Book description:
This book brings a comprehensive aspects of Haskell language. None knowledge of another functional programming language is expected, as well its background in programming is required. The book presents issues in a basic up to intermediate levels, towarding to advances aspects of Haskell. The title of book, Haskell: Uma Abordagem Prática, in english is given by: Haskell: A Practical Approach reveals its essency. A book with many examples in each new concepts.

Cover Graham Hutton: Programming in Haskell, Paperback: 200 pages, Cambridge University Press (January 31, 2007), English, ISBN: 0521692695

Book Description
Haskell is one of the leading languages for teaching functional programming, enabling students to write simpler and cleaner code, and to learn how to structure and reason about programs. This introduction is ideal for beginners: it requires no previous programming experience and all concepts are explained from first principles via carefully chosen examples. Each chapter includes exercises that range from the straightforward to extended projects, plus suggestions for further reading on more advanced topics. The author is a leading Haskell researcher and instructor, well-known for his teaching skills. The presentation is clear and simple, and benefits from having been refined and class-tested over several years. The result is a text that can be used with courses, or for self-learning. Features include: freely accessible Powerpoint slides for each chapter; solutions to exercises, and examination questions (with solutions) available to instructors; downloadable code that's fully compliant with the latest Haskell release.

Cover Haskell, (Japanese)

More info please

Foundations

Cover Purely Functional Data Structures
Chris Okasaki, 232 pp., Cambridge University Press, 1998. ISBN 0-521-63124-6
From the cover:

Most books on data structures assume an imperative language like C or C++. However, data structures for these languages do not always translate well to functional languages such as Standard ML, Haskell, or Scheme. This book describes data structures and data structure design techniques from the point of view of functional languages. It includes code for a wide assortment both of classical data structures and of data structures developed exclusively for functional languages.This handy reference for professional programmers working with functional languages can also be used as a tutorial or for self-study. Haskell source code for the book

Cover

Types and Programming Languages

Benjamin C. Pierce. 645 pages, The MIT Press, (February 1, 2002), English. ISBN: 0262162091
From the cover:

A type system is a syntactic method for automatically checking the absence of certain erroneous behaviors by classifying program phrases according to the kinds of values they compute. The study of type systems--and of programming languages from a type-theoretic perspective-has important applications in software engineering, language design, high-performance compilers, and security.

This text provides a comprehensive introduction both to type systems in computer science and to the basic theory of programming languages. The approach is pragmatic and operational; each new concept is motivated by programming examples and the more theoretical sections are driven by the needs of implementations. Each chapter is accompanied by numerous exercises and solutions, as well as a running implementation, available via the Web. Dependencies between chapters are explicitly identified, allowing readers to choose a variety of paths through the material.

The core topics include the untyped lambda-calculus, simple type systems, type reconstruction, universal and existential polymorphism, subtyping, bounded quantification, recursive types, kinds, and type operators. Extended case studies develop a variety of approaches to modeling the features of object-oriented languages.

Cover Advanced Topics in Types and Programming Languages
Benjamin C. Pierce (Editor), Hardcover: 608 pages, The MIT Press (December 23, 2004), Language: English, ISBN: 0262162288.
From the cover:

The study of type systems for programming languages now touches many areas of computer science, from language design and implementation to software engineering, network security, databases, and analysis of concurrent and distributed systems. This book offers accessible introductions to key ideas in the field, with contributions by experts on each topic.

The topics covered include precise type analyses, which extend simple type systems to give them a better grip on the run time behavior of systems; type systems for low-level languages; applications of types to reasoning about computer programs; type theory as a framework for the design of sophisticated module systems; and advanced techniques in ML-style type inference.

Advanced Topics in Types and Programming Languages builds on Benjamin Pierce's Types and Programming Languages (MIT Press, 2002); most of the chapters should be accessible to readers familiar with basic notations and techniques of operational semantics and type systems -- the material covered in the first half of the earlier book.

Advanced Topics in Types and Programming Languages can be used in the classroom and as a resource for professionals. Most chapters include exercises, ranging in difficulty from quick comprehension checks to challenging extensions, many with solutions.

Tutorials

Introductions to Haskell

These are the recommended places to start learning, short of buying a textbook.

Yet Another Haskell Tutorial
By Hal Daume III et al. A recommended tutorial for Haskell that is still under construction but covers already much ground. Also a classic text. Now available as a wikibook.
A Gentle Introduction to Haskell
By Paul Hudak, John Peterson, and Joseph H. Fasel. The title is a bit misleading. Some knowledge of another functional programming language is expected. The emphasis is on the type system and those features which are really new in Haskell (compared to other functional programming languages). A classic.
Haskell Tutorial for C Programmers
By Eric Etheridge. From the intro: "This tutorial assumes that the reader is familiar with C/C++, Python, Java, or Pascal. I am writing for you because it seems that no other tutorial was written to help students overcome the difficulty of moving from C/C++, Java, and the like to Haskell."
Beginning Haskell
From IBM developerWorks. This tutorial targets programmers of imperative languages wanting to learn about functional programming in the language Haskell. If you have programmed in languages such as C, Pascal, Fortran, C++, Java, Cobol, Ada, Perl, TCL, REXX, JavaScript, Visual Basic, or many others, you have been using an imperative paradigm. This tutorial provides a gentle introduction to the paradigm of functional programming, with specific illustrations in the Haskell 98 language. (Free registration required.)
Online Haskell Course
By Ralf Hinze (in German).
Tutorial Papers in Functional Programming.
A collection of links to other Haskell tutorials, from John Hughes.
Two Dozen Short Lessons in Haskell
By Rex Page. A draft of a textbook on functional programming, available by ftp. It calls for active participation from readers by omitting material at certain points and asking the reader to attempt to fill in the missing information based on knowledge they have already acquired. The missing information is then supplied on the reverse side of the page.
PLEAC-Haskell
Following the Perl Cookbook (by Tom Christiansen and Nathan Torkington, published by O'Reilly) spirit, the PLEAC Project aims to gather fans of programming, in order to implement the solutions in other programming languages.
Haskell-Tutorial
By Damir Medak and Gerhard Navratil. The fundamentals of functional languages for beginners.
Programming Haskell Wikibook
A communal effort by several authors to produce the definitive Haskell textbook. Its very much a work in progress at the moment, and contributions are welcome.
Video Lectures
Lectures (in English) by Jürgen Giesl. About 30 hours in total, and great for learning Haskell. The lectures are 2005-SS-FP.V01 through 2005-SS-FP.V26. Videos 2005-SS-FP.U01 through 2005-SS-FP.U11 are exercise answer sessions, so you probably don't want those.
Albert's Functional Programming Course
A 15 lesson introduction to most aspects of Haskell.
Introduction to Haskell
By Chris Dutton, An "attempt to bring the ideas of functional programming to the masses here, and an experiment in finding ways to make it easy and interesting to follow".
An Introduction to Haskell
A brief introduction, by Brian Howard.
Introduction to Haskell
By Isaac Jones (2003).
Translating Haskell into English
By Shannon Behrens, a glimpse of the Zen of Haskell, without requiring that they already be Haskell converts.

Motivation for using Haskell

Why Functional Programming Matters
By John Hughes, The Computer Journal, Vol. 32, No. 2, 1989, pp. 98 - 107. Also in: David A. Turner (ed.): Research Topics in Functional Programming, Addison-Wesley, 1990, pp. 17 - 42.
Exposes the advantages of functional programming languages. Demonstrates how higher-order functions and lazy evaluation enable new forms of modularization of programs.
Why Haskell matters
Discussion of the advantages of using Haskell in particular. An excellent article.
Higher-order + Polymorphic = Reusable
By Simon Thompson. Unpublished, May 1997.
Abstract: This paper explores how certain ideas in object oriented languages have their correspondents in functional languages. In particular we look at the analogue of the iterators of the C++ standard template library. We also give an example of the use of constructor classes which feature in Haskell 1.3 and Gofer.
Explore functional programming with Haskell
Introduction to the benefits of functional programming in Haskell by Bruce Tate.

Practical Haskell

These tutorials examine using Haskell to writing complex real-world applications

Tackling the awkward squad: monadic input/output, concurrency, exceptions, and foreign-language calls in Haskell
Simon Peyton Jones. Presented at the 2000 Marktoberdorf Summer School. In "Engineering theories of software construction", ed Tony Hoare, Manfred Broy, Ralf Steinbruggen, IOS Press, ISBN 1 58603 1724, 2001, pp47-96. The standard reference for monadic IO in GHC/Haskell.
Abstract:Functional programming may be beautiful, but to write real applications we must grapple with awkward real-world issues: input/output, robustness, concurrency, and interfacing to programs written in other languages.
Hitchhikers Guide to the Haskell
Tutorial for C/Java/OCaml/... programers by Dmitry Astapov. From the intro: "This text intends to introduce the reader to the practical aspects of Haskell from the very beginning (plans for the first chapters include: I/O, darcs, Parsec, QuickCheck, profiling and debugging, to mention a few)".
Haskell I/O inside: Down the Rabbit's Hole
By Bulat Ziganshin (2006), a comprehensive tutorial on using IO monad.
A Guide to Haskell's Foreign Function Interface
A guide to using the foreign function interface extension, using the rich set of functions in the Foreign libraries, design issues, and FFI preprocessors.

Older tutorials

Lightning Tour of Haskell
By John Hughes, as part of a Chalmers programming course
The Little Haskeller
By Cordelia Hall and John Hughes. 9. November 1993, 26 pages. An introduction using the Chalmers Haskell B interpreter (hbi). Beware that it relies very much on the user interface of hbi which is quite different for other Haskell systems, and the tutorials cover Haskell 1.2 , not Haskell 98.
Functional Programming
By Jeroen Fokker, 1995. (153 pages, 600 KB). Textbook for learning functional programming with Gofer (an older implementation of Haskell). Here without Chapters 6 and 7.

Reference material

A Tour of the Haskell Prelude (basic functions)
By Bernie Pope and Arjan van IJzendoorn.
Tour of the Haskell Syntax
By Arjan van IJzendoorn.
Haskell Reference
By Miloslav Nic.
A tour of the Haskell Monad functions
By Henk-Jan van Tuyl.
Useful Haskell functions
An explanation for beginners of many Haskell functions that are predefined in the Haskell Prelude.
Haskell's Standard List Functions
A tour of the standard Haskell functions, directed by what you want to achieve
Documentation for the standard libraries
Complete documentation of the standard Haskell libraries.
Haskell idioms
A collection of articles describing some common Haskell idioms. Often quite advanced.
Useful idioms
A collection of short, useful Haskell idioms.
Programming guidelines
Some Haskell programming and style conventions.
A growing list of Haskell tutorials on a diverse range of topics
Available on this wiki

Comparisons to Other Languages

Articles constrasting feature of Haskell with other languages.

Scheme

Haskell verus Scheme
Mark C. Chu-Carroll, Haskell and Scheme: Which One and Why?

Python

Comparing Haskell and Python
A short overview of similarities and differences between Haskell and Python.

OCaml

Monads in OCaml
Syntax extension for monads in OCaml

Java

An algorithm for RELAX NG validation
by James Clark (of RELAX NG fame). Describes an algorithm for validating an XML document against a RELAX NG schema, uses Haskell to describe the algorithm. The algorithm in Haskell and Java is then discussed here.

Ruby

Haskell + FastCGI versus Ruby on Rails
A short blog entry documenting performance results with ruby on rails and Haskell with fastcgi

Teaching Haskell

Where do I begin? A problem solving approach to teaching functional programming
By Simon Thompson. In Krzysztof Apt, Pieter Hartel, and Paul Klint, editors, First International Conference on Declarative Programming Languages in Education. Springer-Verlag, September 1997.
Abstract: This paper introduces a problem solving method for teaching functional programming, based on Polya's `How To Solve It', an introductory investigation of mathematical method. We first present the language independent version, and then show in particular how it applies to the development of programs in Haskell. The method is illustrated by a sequence of examples and a larger case study.
Functional programming through the curriculum
By Simon Thompsonand Steve Hill. In Pieter H. Hartel and Rinus Plasmeijer, editors, Functional Programming Languages in Education, LNCS 1022, pages 85-102. Springer-Verlag, December 1995.
Abstract: This paper discusses our experience in using a functional language in topics across the computer science curriculum. After examining the arguments for taking a functional approach, we look in detail at four case studies from different areas: programming language semantics, machine architectures, graphics and formal languages.
The Risks and Benefits of Teaching Purely Functional Programming in First Year
By Manuel M. T. Chakravarty and Gabriele Keller. Journal of Functional Programming 14(1), pp 113-123, 2004. An earlier version of this paper was presented at Functional and Declarative Programming in Education (FDPE02).
Abstract We argue that teaching purely functional programming as such in freshman courses is detrimental to both the curriculum as well as to promoting the paradigm. Instead, we need to focus on the more general aims of teaching elementary techniques of programming and essential concepts of computing. We support this viewpoint with experience gained during several semesters of teaching large first-year classes (up to 600 students) in Haskell. These classes consisted of computer science students as well as students from other disciplines. We have systematically gathered student feedback by conducting surveys after each semester. This article contributes an approach to the use of modern functional

languages in first year courses and, based on this, advocates the use of functional languages in this setting.

Using monads

See also the Monad HaskellWiki page.

All About Monads
By Jeff Newbern. This tutorial aims to explain the concept of a monad and its application to functional programming in a way that is easy to understand and useful to beginning and intermediate Haskell programmers. Familiarity with the Haskell language is assumed, but no prior experience with monads is required.
The Haskell Programmer's Guide to the IO Monad - Don't Panic.
Stefan Klinger. This report scratches the surface of category theory, an abstract branch of algebra, just deep enough to find the monad structure. It seems well written.
What the hell are Monads?
By Noel Winstanley. A basic introduction to monads, monadic programming and IO. This introduction is presented by means of examples rather than theory, and assumes a little knowledge of Haskell.
Monads for the Working Haskell Programmer -- a short tutorial
By Theodore Norvell.
You Could Have Invented Monads! (And Maybe You Already Have.)
A short tutorial on monads, introduced from a pragmatic approach, with less category theory references
Systematic Design of Monads
John Hughes & Magnus Carlsson. Many useful monads can be designed in a systematic way, by successively adding facilities to a trivial monad. The capabilities that can be added in this way include state, exceptions, backtracking, and output. Here we give a brief description of the trivial monad, each kind of extension, and sketches of some interesting operations that each monad supports.
Meet Bob The Monadic Lover
by Andrea Rossato. A by-the-author-supposed-to-be funny and short introduction to Monads, with code but without any reference to category theory: what monads look like and what they are useful for, from the perspective of a ... lover. (There is also the slightly more serious The Monadic Way by the same author.)
Monad Transformers Step by Step
Martin Grabmüller: a small tutorial on using monad transformers. In contrast to others found on the web, it concentrates on using them, not on their implementation.

See also Research papers/Monads and arrows

Graphics in Haskell

Developing Gnome Apps with Glade
For the absolute beginner in both Glade and Gtk2Hs and covers the basics of Glade and how to access a .glade file and widgets in Gtk2Hs. Estimated learning time: 2 hours.

Schools on advanced funtional programming

Advanced Functional Programming, First International Spring School on Advanced Functional Programming Techniques, Bastad, Sweden, LNCS 925, Springer-Verlag, 1995 (editors: J. Jeuring, E. Meijer).

  • Functional Parsers by Jeroen Fokker, p. 1-23.
  • Monads for functional programming by Philip Wadler, p. 24-52.
  • The Design of a Pretty-printing Library by John Hughes, p. 52-96.
  • Functional Programming with Overloading and Higher-Order Polymorphism, Mark P. Jones, p. 97-136.
  • Programming with Fudgets by Thomas Hallgren and Magnus Carlsson, p. 137-182.
  • Constructing Medium Sized Efficient Functional Programs in Clean by Marko C.J.D. van Eekelen and Rinus J. Plasmeijer, p. 183-227.
  • Merging Monads and Folds for Functional Programming by Erik Meijer and Johan Jeuring, p. 228-266.
  • Programming with Algebras by Richard B. Kieburtz and Jeffrey Lewis, p. 267-307.
  • Graph Algorithms with a Functional Flavour by John Launchbury, p. 308-331.

Advanced Functional Programming, Second International Summer School on Advanced Functional Programming Techniques, Evergreen State College, WA, USA, LNCS 1126, Springer-Verlag, 1996 (editors: J. Launchbury, E. Meijer, T. Sheard).

  • Composing the User Interface with Haggis by Sigbjorn Finne and Simon Peyton Jones, p. 1-37.
  • Haskore Music Tutorial by Paul Hudak, p. 38-67.
  • Polytypic Programming by Johan Jeuring and Patrick Jansson, p. 68-114.
  • Implementing Threads in Standard ML by Peter Lee, p. 115-130.
  • Functional Data Structures by Chris Okasaki, p. 131-158.
  • Heap Profiling for Space Efficiency by Colin Runciman and Niklas Röjemo, p. 159-183.
  • <EM>Deterministic, Error-Correcting Combinator Parsers by S. Doaitse Swierstra and Luc Duponcheel, p. 184-207.
  • Essentials of Standard ML Modules by Mads Tofte, p. 208-238.

Advanced Functional Programming, Third International School, AFP'98, in Braga, Portugal from 12th to 19th September 1998, LNCS 1608, Springer-Verlag, 1999 (editors: D. Swierstra, P. Henriques and J. Oliveira).
All lecture notes and further material are available from the web site.

Foundations

Some books and links listed here can be found also in the articles of Theoretical foundations category

Practical Foundations of Mathematics
Paul Taylor. Cambridge University Press, ISBN: 0-521-63107-6, xii+576 pages, September 2000.
Toposes, Triples and Theories
Michael Barr and Charles Wells. The revised version of their formerly Springer Verlag published book is online for free download. Note that they use the name triple instead of monad.

Research papers