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Functor-Applicative-Monad Proposal

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(Functor => Applicative => Monad Proposal)
(pure -> return)
Line 6: Line 6:
class Functor f => Applicative f where
class Functor f => Applicative f where
-
pure :: a -> f a
+
return :: a -> f a
(<*>) :: f (a -> b) -> f a -> f b
(<*>) :: f (a -> b) -> f a -> f b
(*>) :: f a -> f b -> f b
(*>) :: f a -> f b -> f b

Revision as of 06:58, 7 December 2010

The standard class hierarchy is a consequence of Haskell's historical development, rather than logic. The
Functor
,
Applicative
, and
Monad
type classes could be defined as: 
class Functor f where
    map :: (a -> b) -> f a -> f b
 
class Functor f => Applicative f where
    return :: a -> f a
    (<*>) :: f (a -> b) -> f a -> f b
    (*>) :: f a -> f b -> f b
    (<*) :: f a -> f b -> f a
 
class Applicative m => Monad m where
    (>>=) :: m a -> (a -> m b) -> m b
    f >>= x = join $ map f x
 
    join :: m (m a) -> m a
    join x = x >>= id
This would eliminate the necessity of declaring a Monad instance for every Applicative, and eliminate the need for sets of duplicate functions such as [
fmap
,
liftM
,
map
,
liftA
], [
(<*>)
,
ap
], and [
concat
,
join
].
fail
should be removed from Monad; a failed pattern match could error in the same way as is does for pure code. The only sensible uses for fail seem to be synonyms for
mzero
.
Pointed
has not been included due to controversy as to whether it should be a subclass of Functor, a superclass of Functor, independent of Functor, or perhaps it is not sufficiently useful to include at all.

Backward compatibility could be eased with a legacy module, such as: 

module Legacy where
 
fmap :: Functor f => (a -> b) -> f a -> f b
fmap = map
 
liftA :: Applicative f => (a -> b) -> f a -> f b
liftA = map
 
liftM :: Monad m => (a -> b) -> m a -> m b
liftM = map
 
ap :: Monad m => m (a -> b) -> m a -> m b
ap = (<*>)
 
(>>) :: Monad m => m a -> m b -> m b
(>>) = (*>)
 
concat :: [[a]] -> [a]
concat = join
 
etc.

And for those who really want a list map, 

listMap :: (a -> b) -> [a] -> [b]
listMap = map
Retrieved from "http://www.haskell.org/haskellwiki/Functor-Applicative-Monad_Proposal"

Categories: Proposals | Functor | Applicative Functor | Monad