Haskell Quiz/Geodesic Dome Faces/Solution Jkramar

This problem seems to be strongly IO-bound, so actually computing the geodesic faces is not too time-sensitive. Hence there is time for computing the faces from the vertices by trying each triple of vertices to check if it's a face.

Originally I wrote this program representing vectors just by ordinary tuples, and in some places that was definitely more understandable. But of course it's more fun this way.

import Prelude hiding (maximum, foldr, foldr1, concat, sequence_, sum)
import Control.Monad hiding (sequence_)
import Control.Applicative
import Data.Foldable

data V3 a = V !a !a !a deriving (Read,Show)
instance Foldable V3 where foldr f x (V a b c) = f a$f b$f c x
instance Functor V3 where fmap f (V a b c) = V (f a) (f b) (f c)
instance Applicative V3 where
  pure a = V a a a
  V f g h <*> V a b c = V (f a) (g b) (h c)
type Tri a = V3 (V3 a)

(.+) :: (Num a) => V3 a -> V3 a -> V3 a
(.+) = liftA2 (+)

(.-) :: (Num a) => V3 a -> V3 a -> V3 a
(.-) = liftA2 (-)

(.*) :: (Num a) => a -> V3 a -> V3 a
(.*) = fmap.(*)

dot :: (Num a) => V3 a -> V3 a -> a
dot a b = sum$liftA2 (*) a b

cross :: (Num a) => V3 a -> V3 a -> V3 a
cross (V x y z) (V x' y' z')=V (y*z'-z*y') (z*x'-x*z') (x*y'-y*x')

det :: (Num a) => V3 (V3 a) -> a
det (V a b c) = (a `cross` b) `dot` c

-- matrix multiplication
mmul :: (Num a) => V3 (V3 a) -> V3 (V3 a) -> V3 (V3 a)
mmul t s = foldr1 (.+) <$> (flip (.*)<$>t<*>) <$> s

normize :: (Floating a) => V3 a -> V3 a
normize v = (1/sqrt (dot v v)).*v

-- chooses xs!!n gives the combinations of n elements from xs
chooses :: (Foldable t, Alternative f) => t a -> [f [a]]
chooses = foldr consider$pure []:repeat empty where
  consider x cs = zipWith (flip (<|>)) cs$map ((x:)<$>)$empty:cs

tris :: (Foldable t, Alternative f) => t (V3 a) -> f (Tri a)
tris xs = (\[a,b,c]->V a b c) <$> (chooses xs!!3)

orient :: (Num a) => Tri a -> Tri a
orient t@(V a b c) = if (==1)$signum$det t then t else V a c b

farth :: (Real a, Foldable t) => V3 a -> t (V3 a) -> a
farth dir = maximum.map (dot dir).toList

-- inefficient function to generate all the positively-oriented faces of the
-- triangle-faced polyhedron with vertices at vs
faces :: (Real a, Foldable t, MonadPlus m) => t (V3 a) -> m (Tri a)
faces vs = do
  t@(V a b c) <- unwrapMonad $ orient <$> tris vs
  let dir = ((a.-b) `cross` (a.-c))
  guard (farth dir [a,b,c]==farth dir vs) >> return t

-- each triangle side is broken into n pieces, unlike in the problem statement,
-- where they use n+1 for some reason
shatter :: (Integral a, Fractional b, MonadPlus m) =>
           a -> V3 (V3 b) -> m (V3 (V3 b))
shatter n t = msum$return<$>mmul t'<$>coords where
  basis = V (V 1 0 0) (V 0 1 0) (V 0 0 1)
  fwd = [(V k j (n-1-k-j).+) <$> basis|k<-[0..n-1], j<-[0..n-1-k]]
  bwd = [(V k j (n+1-k-j).-) <$> basis|k<-[1..n], j<-[1..n-k]]
  t' = ((1/fromIntegral n).*)<$>t
  coords = (fmap fromIntegral<$>)<$>fwd++bwd

geode :: (RealFloat b, Integral a, MonadPlus m, Foldable t) =>
         t (V3 b) -> a -> m (V3 (V3 b))
geode vs n = fmap normize `liftM` (shatter n=<<faces vs)

cyc :: V3 a -> [V3 a]
cyc (V a b c) = [V a b c, V b c a, V c a b]

tetrahed :: (Floating a) => [V3 a]
tetrahed = [V (x*sqrt 1.5) (-sqrt 2/3) (-1/3)|x<-[-1,1]]++
  [V 0 (2*sqrt 2/3) (-1/3), V 0 0 1]

octahed :: (Num a) => [V3 a]
octahed = cyc =<< [V x 0 0|x<-[-1,1]]

icosahed :: (Floating a) => [V3 a]
icosahed = cyc =<< [V x (y*(1+sqrt 5/2)) 0|x<-[-1, 1], y<-[-1, 1]]

-- this is the test the Ruby Quiz people were doing to see how fast the code is
main :: IO ()
main = sequence_$map print$(geode octahed::Int->[Tri Double]) 51