ThreadScope

ThreadScope is a tool for performance profiling of parallel Haskell programs.

The ThreadScope program allows us to debug the parallel performance of Haskell programs. Using ThreadScope we can check to see that work is well balanced across the available processors and spot performance issues relating to garbage collection or poor load balancing.

Getting Started

Have gtk on your machine? (Note that you don't need all of gtk and gtk2hs, e.g., libxml is unneeded.) See the gtk2hs install instructions (Windows ∙ Mac ∙ Linux) and then

   cabal update
   gtk-demo
   cabal install gtk
   cabal install threadscope

Next, check out the user guide. We call it the ThreadScope Tour.

Features

ThreadScope is a graphical viewer for thread profile information generated by the Glasgow Haskell compiler (GHC). An example is shown below:

ThreadScope version 0.2.0 can be used to help debug performance issues with parallel and concurrent Haskell programs. The program has the following features.

• The program displays the activity on each Haskell Execution Context (HEC) which roughly corresponds to an operating system thread. For each thread you can see whether it is running a Haskell thread or performing garbage collection. You can find out information about when Haskell threads are ready to run and information about why a Haskell thread was suspended.

• An activity profile indicates the rough utilization of the HECs and when the number of HECs are greater than the number of processing cores this gives a rough guide to the overall utilization.

• You can view the rate at which "par sparks" are created and evaluated during the program, and the size of the spark queue on each HEC. (This feature requires GHC-7.3 or later which is currently the development version.)

Using ThreadScope

To compile a program for parallel profiling use the -eventlog flag and you will also want to use the -threaded flag to compile with the multi-threaded runtime e.g.

 ghc -threaded -eventlog -rtsopts --make Wombat.hs

To execute a program and generate a profile use the -ls flag after +RTS. Then pass the profile to ThreadScope:

 ./Wombat +RTS -ls -N2
 threadscope Wombat.eventlog # on Windows: Wombat.exe.eventlog 

The -N2 flag specifies the use of two Haskell Execution Contexts (i.e. cores). Once the program has been run it will produce a profile file called Wombat.eventlog or Wombat.exe.eventlog (depending on your operating system). You can now view this file with threadscope by specifying the eventlog filename as a command line argument or by navigating to it from the File menu of ThreadScope.

For more detailed instructions, have a look at the ThreadScope Tour.

Installing ThreadScope

The recommendation is to use the Haskell Platform. This includes GHC and the cabal package tool. At minimum you need GHC-6.12.

ThreadScope itself is available from hackage.

For Windows there is a binary release available: threadscope-0.2.2.zip.

ThreadScope has a dependency on the Haskell Gtk+ binding (Gtk2Hs) which involves a bit of manual work on Windows and Mac OS X to install the Gtk+ C libraries.

See the Gtk2Hs installation instructions for details:

• Gtk2Hs/Linux (and other unix)
• Gtk2Hs/Windows
• Gtk2Hs/Mac

Once you have the Gtk+ C libraries installed it is just a matter of running:

 cabal install threadscope

You can now try to run ThreadScope to make sure it built correctly by viewing a built-in sample trace:

 threadscope --test ch8

You should see something like

More Information

• Parallel Performance Tuning for Haskell.
• Runtime Support for Multicore Haskell.
• A Tutorial on Parallel and Concurrent Programming in Haskell.
• A video by Simon Marlow which demos ThreadScope.

Please send comments, corrections etc. to satnams@microsoft.com

You may also wish to join the parallel-haskell google group.

Development and reporting bugs

There is a bug tracker and developer wiki.

The source for ghc-events and threadscope is available:

   darcs get http://code.haskell.org/ghc-events/
   darcs get http://code.haskell.org/ThreadScope/

People

• Donnie Jones, donnie@darthik.com
• Simon Marlow, simonmar@microsoft.com, http://www.haskell.org/~simonmar/
• Satnam Singh, s.singh@acm.org, http://cs.bham.ac.uk/~singhsu/
• Duncan Coutts, duncan@well-typed.com, http://www.well-typed.com/who_we_are
• Mikolaj Konarski, mikolaj@well-typed.com
• Nicolas Wu, nick@well-typed.com
• Eric Kow, eric@well-typed.com

Publications and Talks

Simon Marlow, Simon Peyton Jones, and Satnam Singh, Runtime Support for Multicore Haskell, in ICFP 2009, Association for Computing Machinery, Inc., 5 September 2009

Don Jones Jr., Simon Marlow, and Satnam Singh, Parallel Performance Tuning for Haskell, in ACM SIGPLAN 2009 Haskell Symposium, Association for Computing Machinery, Inc., 3 September 2009

Duncan Coutts, Mikolaj Konarski and Andres Loeh, Spark Visualization in ThreadScope, Haskell Implementors Workshop 2011