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User:WillNess

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A perpetual Haskell newbie. I like this semi-one-liner: 

--   inifinte folding idea due to Richard Bird
--   double staged production idea due to Melissa O'Neill
--   tree folding idea Dave Bayer / simplified formulation Will Ness
primes = 2 : g (fix g) 
  where                
    g xs = 3 : gaps 5 (foldi (\(c:cs) -> (c:) . union cs) []
                             [[x*x, x*x+2*x..] | x <- xs])
 
fix g = xs where xs = g xs        -- global defn to avoid space leak
 
gaps k s@(c:t)                    -- == minus [k,k+2..] (c:t), k<=c,
   | k < c = k : gaps (k+2) s     --     fused to avoid a space leak
   | True  =     gaps (k+2) t

foldi is on Tree-like folds page. union and more at Prime numbers.

The constructive definition of primes is the Sieve of Eratosthenes:

\textstyle\mathbb{S} = \mathbb{N}_{2} \setminus \bigcup_{p\in \mathbb{S}} \{p\,q:q \in \mathbb{N}_{p}\}

using standard definition

\textstyle\mathbb{N}_{k} = \{ n \in \mathbb{N} : n \geq k \}   . . . or,  \textstyle\mathbb{N}_{k} = \{k\} \bigcup \mathbb{N}_{k+1}   :) :) .

Trial division sieve is:

\textstyle\mathbb{T} = \{n \in \mathbb{N}_{2}: (\forall p \in \mathbb{T})(2\leq p\leq \sqrt{n}\, \Rightarrow \neg{(p \mid n)})\}

If you're put off by self-referentiality, just replace \mathbb{S} or \mathbb{T} on the right-hand side of equations with \mathbb{N}_{2}, but even ancient Greeks knew better.

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