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(Added reference to Chris Done)
(Updated to use happstack-0.2.1; may not be fully idiomatic)
Line 47: Line 47:
[http://hackage.haskell.org/cgi-bin/hackage-scripts/package/formlets Formlets]
[http://hackage.haskell.org/cgi-bin/hackage-scripts/package/formlets Formlets]
and
and
-
[http://hackage.haskell.org/cgi-bin/hackage-scripts/package/HAppS-Server HAppS-Server].
+
[http://hackage.haskell.org/package/happstack-server Happstack-Server].
=== Prepare your system ===
=== Prepare your system ===
-
First install Formlets and HAppS-Server on your system:
+
First install Formlets and Happstack-Server on your system:
<pre>
<pre>
-
$ cabal install formlets happs-server
+
$ cabal install formlets happstack-server
</pre>
</pre>
Line 62: Line 62:
module Main where
module Main where
-
import HAppS.Server
+
import Control.Applicative
-
import Control.Applicative
+
import Control.Applicative.Error
-
import Control.Applicative.Error
+
import Control.Applicative.State
-
import Control.Applicative.State
+
import Data.List as List
-
import Text.XHtml.Strict.Formlets
+
import Happstack.Server
-
import Text.XHtml.Strict ((+++), (<<), (!))
+
import Text.Formlets
-
import qualified Text.XHtml.Strict as X
+
import Text.XHtml.Strict.Formlets
-
import qualified Data.Map as M
+
import Text.XHtml.Strict ((+++),(<<),(!))
 +
import qualified Text.XHtml.Strict as X
type MyForm a = XHtmlForm IO a
type MyForm a = XHtmlForm IO a
-
data Date = Date {month :: Integer, day :: Integer} deriving Show
+
data Date = Date {month :: Integer, day :: Integer}
 +
deriving Show
validDate :: Date -> Bool
validDate :: Date -> Bool
validDate (Date m d) = m `elem` [1..12] && d `elem` [1..31]
validDate (Date m d) = m `elem` [1..12] && d `elem` [1..31]
-
dateComponent :: MyForm Date
+
dateComponent :: MyForm Date
dateComponent = Date <$> inputInteger (Just 1) <*> inputInteger (Just 16)
dateComponent = Date <$> inputInteger (Just 1) <*> inputInteger (Just 16)
dateFull :: MyForm Date
dateFull :: MyForm Date
-
dateFull = dateComponent `check` ensure validDate "This is not a valid date"
+
dateFull = dateComponent `check` ensure validDate "This is not a valid date"
-
handleDate :: [ServerPart Response]
+
handleDate :: ServerPartT IO Response
handleDate = withForm "date" dateFull showErrorsInline (\d -> okHtml $ show d)
handleDate = withForm "date" dateFull showErrorsInline (\d -> okHtml $ show d)
-
data User = User {name :: String, pass :: String, birthdate :: Date} deriving Show
+
data User = User {name :: String, pass :: String, birthdate :: Date}
 +
deriving Show
userFull :: MyForm User
userFull :: MyForm User
Line 94: Line 97:
handleUser = withForm "user" userFull showErrorsInline (\u -> okHtml $ show u)
handleUser = withForm "user" userFull showErrorsInline (\u -> okHtml $ show u)
-
withForm :: String -> MyForm a -> (X.Html -> [String] -> Web Response) -> (a -> Web Response) -> [ServerPart Response]
+
withForm
-
withForm name frm handleErrors handleOk =
+
:: String
-
[dir name
+
-> MyForm a
-
[ method GET $ createForm [] frm >>= okHtml
+
-> (X.Html -> [String] -> ServerPartT IO Response)
-
, withDataFn lookPairs $ \d -> [method POST $ handleOk' $ simple d]
+
-> (a -> ServerPartT IO Response)
-
]
+
-> ServerPartT IO Response
 +
withForm name frm handleErrors handleOk = dir name $ msum
 +
[ methodSP GET $ createForm [] frm >>= okHtml
 +
, withDataFn lookPairs $ \d ->
 +
methodSP POST $ handleOk' $ simple d
]
]
-
where handleOk' d = do let (extractor, html, _) = runFormState d "" frm
+
where
-
v <- liftIO extractor
+
handleOk' d = do
-
case v of
+
let (extractor, html, _) = runFormState d "" frm
-
Failure faults -> do f <- createForm d frm
+
v <- liftIO extractor
-
handleErrors f faults
+
case v of
-
Success s -> handleOk s
+
Failure faults -> do
-
simple d = map (\(k,v) -> (k, Left v)) d
+
f <- createForm d frm
 +
handleErrors f faults
 +
Success s -> handleOk s
 +
simple d = List.map (\(k,v) -> (k, Left v)) d
-
showErrorsInline :: X.Html -> [String] -> Web Response
+
showErrorsInline :: X.Html -> [String] -> ServerPartT IO Response
showErrorsInline renderedForm errors =
showErrorsInline renderedForm errors =
okHtml $ X.toHtml (show errors) +++ renderedForm
okHtml $ X.toHtml (show errors) +++ renderedForm
-
createForm :: Env -> MyForm a -> Web X.Html
+
createForm :: Env -> MyForm a -> ServerPartT IO X.Html
createForm env frm = do
createForm env frm = do
let (extractor, xml, endState) = runFormState env "" frm
let (extractor, xml, endState) = runFormState env "" frm
Line 119: Line 129:
return $ X.form ! [X.method "POST"] << (xml' +++ X.submit "submit" "Submit")
return $ X.form ! [X.method "POST"] << (xml' +++ X.submit "submit" "Submit")
-
okHtml :: (X.HTML a) => a -> Web Response
+
okHtml :: (X.HTML a) => a -> ServerPartT IO Response
okHtml content = ok $ toResponse $ htmlPage $ content
okHtml content = ok $ toResponse $ htmlPage $ content
htmlPage :: (X.HTML a) => a -> X.Html
htmlPage :: (X.HTML a) => a -> X.Html
-
htmlPage content = (X.header << (X.thetitle << "Testing forms")) +++ (X.body << content)
+
htmlPage content = (X.header << (X.thetitle << "Testing forms"))
 +
+++ (X.body << content)
 +
 
 +
main = simpleHTTP (nullConf {port = 5000}) (handleDate `mplus` handleUser)
 +
 
-
main = simpleHTTP (nullConf {port = 5000}) (handleDate ++ handleUser)
 
</haskell>
</haskell>
=== Running the example ===
=== Running the example ===
-
Start up the HAppS server with
+
Start up the Happstack server with
<pre>
<pre>
$ runhaskell Main.hs
$ runhaskell Main.hs

Revision as of 02:48, 10 August 2009

Contents

1 Introduction

Formlets are a way of building HTML forms that are type-safe, handle errors, abstract and are easy to combine into bigger forms. Here's an example: 

name :: Form String
name = input Nothing

The input function takes a Maybe String, and produces a XHtmlForm String. The Maybe String is used for default values. If you give it a nothing, it won't have a default value. If you pass in a (Just "value"), it will be pre-populated with the value "value".

You can easily combine formlets using the Applicative Functor combinators. Suppose you have a User-datatype: 

data User = User {name :: String, age :: Integer, email :: String}

You can then build a form that produces a user: 

userForm :: Form User
userForm = User <$> name <*> inputInteger <*> input Nothing

You can also have more advanced widgets, like a radio-choice, that's where you use enumRadio: 

enumRadio :: (Monad m, Enum a) => [(a, String)] -> Maybe a -> Form a

So it asks for a list of pairs with a value and the corresponding label, a possible default-value and it will return something of type a. 

chooseBool :: Form Bool
chooseBool = enumRadio [(True, "Yes"), (False, "No")] True

Now we have a widget for booleans that we can use everywhere in our forms!

2 The basics

2.1 Simple validation

2.2 Monadic validation

3 A working example

Below is a self-contained example that uses Formlets and Happstack-Server.

3.1 Prepare your system

First install Formlets and Happstack-Server on your system: 

$ cabal install formlets happstack-server

3.2 The example code

Put the following in a file called
Main.hs
: 
module Main where
 
import           Control.Applicative
import           Control.Applicative.Error
import           Control.Applicative.State
import           Data.List                  as List
import           Happstack.Server
import           Text.Formlets
import           Text.XHtml.Strict.Formlets
import           Text.XHtml.Strict          ((+++),(<<),(!))
import qualified Text.XHtml.Strict          as X
 
type MyForm a = XHtmlForm IO a
 
data Date = Date {month :: Integer, day :: Integer}
  deriving Show
 
validDate :: Date -> Bool
validDate (Date m d) = m `elem` [1..12] && d `elem` [1..31]
 
dateComponent :: MyForm Date 
dateComponent = Date <$> inputInteger (Just 1) <*> inputInteger (Just 16)
 
dateFull :: MyForm Date
dateFull = dateComponent `check` ensure validDate "This is not a valid date"
 
handleDate :: ServerPartT IO Response
handleDate = withForm "date" dateFull showErrorsInline (\d -> okHtml $ show d)
 
data User = User {name :: String, pass :: String, birthdate :: Date}
  deriving Show
 
userFull :: MyForm User
userFull = User <$> input Nothing <*> password Nothing <*> dateFull
 
handleUser = withForm "user" userFull showErrorsInline (\u -> okHtml $ show u)
 
withForm
  :: String
  -> MyForm a
  -> (X.Html -> [String] -> ServerPartT IO Response)
  -> (a -> ServerPartT IO Response)
  -> ServerPartT IO Response 
withForm name frm handleErrors handleOk = dir name $ msum
  [ methodSP GET $ createForm [] frm >>= okHtml
  , withDataFn lookPairs $ \d ->
      methodSP POST $ handleOk' $ simple d
  ]
  where
    handleOk' d = do
      let (extractor, html, _) = runFormState d "" frm
      v <- liftIO extractor  
      case v of
        Failure faults -> do 
          f <- createForm d frm
          handleErrors f faults
        Success s      -> handleOk s
    simple d = List.map (\(k,v) -> (k, Left v)) d
 
showErrorsInline :: X.Html -> [String] -> ServerPartT IO Response
showErrorsInline renderedForm errors =
  okHtml $ X.toHtml (show errors) +++ renderedForm
 
createForm :: Env -> MyForm a -> ServerPartT IO X.Html
createForm env frm = do
  let (extractor, xml, endState) = runFormState env "" frm
  xml' <- liftIO xml
  return $ X.form ! [X.method "POST"] << (xml' +++ X.submit "submit" "Submit")
 
okHtml :: (X.HTML a) => a -> ServerPartT IO Response
okHtml content = ok $ toResponse $ htmlPage $ content
 
htmlPage :: (X.HTML a) => a -> X.Html
htmlPage content = (X.header << (X.thetitle << "Testing forms"))
  +++ (X.body << content)
 
main = simpleHTTP (nullConf {port = 5000}) (handleDate `mplus` handleUser)

3.3 Running the example

Start up the Happstack server with 

$ runhaskell Main.hs

and point your web browser at http://localhost:5000/date/ and http://localhost:5000/user/.

4 How it works

4.1 Advanced: rolling your own output type

5 Other resources

6 References

Retrieved from "http://www.haskell.org/haskellwiki/Web/Libraries/Formlets"

Category: Web