[Haskell-beginners] Extension for "Pearls of Functional Algorithm Design" by Richard Bird, 2010, page 25 #Haskell

[KC]

Extension for "Pearls of Functional Algorithm Design" by Richard Bird,
2010, page 25 #Haskell

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module SelectionProblem where

import Data.Array
import Data.List


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-- Question: is there a way to get the type signature as the following:
-- smallest :: (Ord a) => Int -> [Array Int a] -> a

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-- Works on 2 finite ordered disjoint sets represented as sorted arrays.
smallest :: (Ord a) => Int -> (Array Int a, Array Int a) -> a
smallest k (xa,ya) =
    search k (xa,ya) (0,m+1) (0,n+1)
        where
        (0,m) = bounds xa
        (0,n) = bounds ya


-- Removed some of the "indexitis" at the cost of calling another function.
search :: (Ord a) => Int -> (Array Int a, Array Int a) -> (Int,Int) ->
(Int,Int) -> a
search k (xa,ya) (lx,rx) (ly,ry)
    | lx == rx  = ya ! (k+ly)
    | ly == ry  = xa ! (k+lx)
    | otherwise = case (xa ! mx < ya ! my) of
                      (True)    -> smallest2h k (xa,ya) ((lx,mx,rx),(ly,my,ry))
                      (False)   -> smallest2h k (ya,xa) ((ly,my,ry),(lx,mx,rx))
                  where
                      mx = (lx+rx) `div` 2
                      my = (ly+ry) `div` 2


-- Here the sorted arrays are in order by their middle elements.
-- Only cutting the leading or trailing array by half.

-- Here xa is the first array and ya the second array by their middle elements.

smallest2h :: (Ord a) => Int -> (Array Int a, Array Int a) ->
((Int,Int,Int),(Int,Int,Int)) -> a
smallest2h k (xa,ya) ((lx,mx,rx),(ly,my,ry)) =
    case (k<=mx-lx+my-ly) of
      (True)    -> search k (xa,ya) (lx,rx) (ly,my)
      (False)   -> search (k-(mx-lx)-1) (xa,ya) (mx+1,rx) (ly,ry)


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-- Works on 3 finite ordered disjoint sets represented as sorted arrays.

smallest3 :: (Ord a) => Int -> (Array Int a, Array Int a, Array Int a) -> a
smallest3 k (xa,ya,za) =
    -- On each recursive call the order of the arrays can switch.
    search3 k (xa,ya,za) (0,bx+1) (0,by+1) (0,bz+1)
        where
        (0,bx) = bounds xa
        (0,by) = bounds ya
        (0,bz) = bounds za


-- Removed some of the "indexitis" at the cost of calling another function.
search3 :: (Ord a) => Int -> (Array Int a, Array Int a, Array Int a) ->
            (Int,Int) -> (Int,Int) -> (Int,Int) -> a
search3 k (xa,ya,za) (lx,rx) (ly,ry) (lz,rz)
    | lx == rx && ly == ry  = za ! (k+lz)
    | ly == ry && lz == rz  = xa ! (k+lx)
    | lx == rx && lz == rz  = ya ! (k+ly)

    | lx == rx  = search k (ya,za) (ly,ry) (lz,rz)
    | ly == ry  = search k (xa,za) (lx,rx) (lz,rz)
    | lz == rz  = search k (xa,ya) (lx,rx) (ly,ry)

    | otherwise = case (xa ! mx < ya ! my, xa ! mx < za ! mz, ya ! my
< za ! mz) of
                      (True, True, True)    -> smallest3h k (xa,ya,za)
((lx,mx,rx),(ly,my,ry),(lz,mz,rz)) -- a<b<c
                      (True, True, False)   -> smallest3h k (xa,za,ya)
((lx,mx,rx),(lz,mz,rz),(ly,my,ry)) -- a<c<b
                      (False, True, True)   -> smallest3h k (ya,xa,za)
((ly,my,ry),(lx,mx,rx),(lz,mz,rz)) -- b<a<c
                      (False, False, True)  -> smallest3h k (ya,za,xa)
((ly,my,ry),(lz,mz,rz),(lx,mx,rx)) -- b<c<a
                      (True, False, False)  -> smallest3h k (za,xa,ya)
((lz,mz,rz),(lx,mx,rx),(ly,my,ry)) -- c<a<b
                      (False, False, False) -> smallest3h k (za,ya,xa)
((lz,mz,rz),(ly,my,ry),(lx,mx,rx)) -- c<b<a

                  where
                      mx = (lx+rx) `div` 2
                      my = (ly+ry) `div` 2
                      mz = (lz+rz) `div` 2


-- Here the sorted arrays are in order by their middle elements.
-- Only cutting the leading or trailing array by half.

-- Here xa is the first array, ya the second array, and za the third
array by their middle elements.
smallest3h :: (Ord a) => Int -> (Array Int a, Array Int a, Array Int a) ->
        ((Int,Int,Int),(Int,Int,Int),(Int,Int,Int)) -> a
smallest3h k (xa,ya,za) ((lx,mx,rx),(ly,my,ry),(lz,mz,rz)) =
    case (k<=mx-lx+my-ly+mz-lz) of
      (True)    -> search3 k (xa,ya,za) (lx,rx) (ly,ry) (lz,mz)
      (False)   -> search3 (k-(mx-lx)-1) (xa,ya,za) (mx+1,rx) (ly,ry) (lz,rz)




-- 
--
Regards,
KC